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| Stomach pains ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Abdominal pain
Abdominal pain or stomach pain is a common symptom associated with both temporary, non-serious disorders and more serious conditions.
Common causes include gastroenteritis and irritable bowel syndrome. In a third of cases the exact cause is unclear. About 10% of people have a more serious underlying condition such as appendicitis or diverticulitis.〔 Determining the cause can be difficult, because many diseases can cause this symptom.
==Differential diagnosis==
The most frequent cause of abdominal pain is gastroenteritis (13%), irritable bowel syndrome (8%), urinary tract problems (5%), inflammation of the stomach (5%) and constipation (5%). About 30% of cases the cause is not determined. About 10% of cases have a more serious cause including gallbladder or pancreas problems (4%), diverticulitis (3%), appendicitis (2%) and cancer (1%). More common in those who are older, mesenteric ischemia and abdominal aortic aneurysms are other serious causes.
A more extensive list includes the following:
* Gastrointestinal
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* GI tract
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* Inflammatory: gastroenteritis, appendicitis, gastritis, esophagitis, diverticulitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, microscopic colitis
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* Obstruction: hernia, intussusception, volvulus, post-surgical adhesions, tumours, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, severe constipation, hemorrhoids
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* Vascular: embolism, thrombosis, hemorrhage, sickle cell disease, abdominal angina, blood vessel compression (such as celiac artery compression syndrome), Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
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* digestive: peptic ulcer, lactose intolerance, coeliac disease, food allergies
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* Glands
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* Bile system
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* Inflammatory: cholecystitis, cholangitis
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*
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* Obstruction: cholelithiasis, tumours
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* Liver
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* Inflammatory: hepatitis, liver abscess
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* Pancreatic
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* Inflammatory: pancreatitis
* Renal and urological
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* Inflammation: pyelonephritis, bladder infection
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* Obstruction: kidney stones, urolithiasis, Urinary retention, tumours
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* Vascular: left renal vein entrapment
* Gynaecological or obstetric
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* Inflammatory: pelvic inflammatory disease
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* Mechanical: ovarian torsion
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* Endocrinological: menstruation, Mittelschmerz
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* Tumors: endometriosis, fibroids, ovarian cyst, ovarian cancer
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* Pregnancy: ruptured ectopic pregnancy, threatened abortion
* Abdominal wall
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* muscle strain or trauma
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* muscular infection
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* neurogenic pain: herpes zoster, radiculitis in Lyme disease, abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES), tabes dorsalis
* Referred pain
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* from the thorax: pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, ischemic heart disease, pericarditis
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* from the spine: radiculitis
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* from the genitals: testicular torsion
* Metabolic disturbance
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* uremia, diabetic ketoacidosis, porphyria, C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency, adrenal insufficiency, lead poisoning, black widow spider bite, narcotic withdrawal
* Blood vessels
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* aortic dissection, abdominal aortic aneurysm
* Immune system
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* sarcoidosis
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* vasculitis
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* familial Mediterranean fever
* Idiopathic
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* irritable bowel syndrome (affecting up to 20% of the population, IBS is the most common cause of recurrent, intermittent abdominal pain)
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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